How do hybrid vehicles work? What are the types?

As mentioned earlier, hybrid vehicles make use of a conventional engine, an electric motor and a battery. There are, however, three different types of hybrid vehicles; each having their own functionality and also being categorized by the size and strength of their batteries.

Parallel Hybrid Vehicle

This is the most commonly used type of hybrid — this type can power its wheels in three different ways:

• Powered directly by the engine
• Powered only by the electric motor
• Powered by both the engine and electric motor working together

 
These cars are efficient for stop-and-go driving, using the electric motor exclusively at low speeds. The conventional gas engine cuts in as your speed gets higher or during hard acceleration. The battery, however, can only power the car for up to 1.25 miles on it’s own, which is why it uses both a gas engine and electric motor in tandem.


Range Extender Hybrid Vehicle

For these vehicles, the conventional engine never actually drives the car or moves the wheels. It’s purpose in this type of Hybrid is to produce electricity for a generator that recharges the batteries. This type has a much higher battery capacity and can drive much further than Parallel Hybrids on electric power only.


Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle

If the name did not give away how this type works, this hybrid vehicle type can be plugged into an electric outlet to keep their batteries charged. They are essentially the halfway point between conventional Hybrids and fully electric vehicles. They have much larger batteries than typical hybrids and are able to attain much longer distances driving on electric power alone. These offer amazing fuel economy due to not requiring gas if you charge your vehicle frequently.

The Electric Motor

The electric motor is what propels the vehicle, drawing its power from the battery. It can even use the vehicle’s motion to generate more power that it stores in the batteries. If the vehicle exclusively uses the electric motor, then the vehicle will be incredibly quiet while idling and driving. This has resulted in a requirement placed on hybrid vehicles to have a noise generator to reduce the chances of pedestrians being struck by car they cannot see or hear. 

The Regenerative Brakes

Every time you apply your brakes in a conventional vehicle, energy is being wasted due to friction and heat. However, hybrid vehicles use a regenerative braking system and takes the energy used to stop the vehicle and stores it for later use in the battery or uses it immediately to continue powering the electric motor. This style of braking causes the brake pads to experience less heat and friction, making them last longer. They still, however, need to be properly maintained to be able to work with peak performance. Bring your hybrid vehicle in to your local Colorado AAMCO for a brake inspection and maintenance.

The Benefits of Hybrid Vehicles

One of the greatest benefits of driving a Hybrid Vehicle is that it runs more cleanly and has a much higher gas mileage than most conventional vehicles. Also, most of their electrical components need very little maintenance and some components last longer than their gas powered counterparts. This makes hybrid vehicles more environmentally friendly and will save you a lot of fuel and maintenance expenses in the future. Hybrid vehicle owners are also supported by many tax credits and incentives that make them more attractive and affordable. Keep your hybrid vehicle running at peak performance levels with proper hybrid maintenance from specialized technicians at your local Colorado AAMCO service center. 

Related: Guide to Alternative Car Fuel Options

Related: Winter Driving Safety Tips Infographic